Difference between revisions of "ODBC: Supported SQL Grammar"
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| − | statement::= ALTER [alter-] | CREATE [create-] | DELETE [delete-] | DROP [[#drop]] | + | statement::= ALTER [alter-] | CREATE [create-] | DELETE [delete-] | DROP [[#drop|drop-]] | INSERT [insert-] | GRANT [grant-] | RECITAL [recital-] | REVOKE [revoke-] | SELECT [select-] | UPDATE [update-] |
Revision as of 10:54, 26 March 2009
Supported SQL Grammar
The grammar declarations are described with these notations:
| Notation | Description |
|---|---|
| <blank> | No qualifier is required |
| <command> | Use one of the specified commands |
| [qualifier] | Optional qualifier, may be omitted |
| (paramval) | Required parameter value |
| expression | Numeric or string calculation |
statement::= ALTER [alter-] | CREATE [create-] | DELETE [delete-] | DROP drop- | INSERT [insert-] | GRANT [grant-] | RECITAL [recital-] | REVOKE [revoke-] | SELECT [select-] | UPDATE [update-]
drop
| aggterm | AVG ([expression-]) | MAX ([expression-]) | MIN ([expression-]) | MIN ([expression-]) | SUM ([expression-]) |
| alias | AS [aliasname-] |
| aliasname | [identifier-] |
| alter | TABLE [tablename-] ADD ([createcols-]) |
| and | [not-] AND [and-] |
| asc | ASC | DESC |
| boolean | [and-] OR [boolean-] |
| coldesc | DESCRIPTION [string-] |
| colref | [columnname-] |
| column | [columnname-] |
| columnlist | [identifier-] |
| columnname | [identifier-] |
| comparison | [colref-] IS NULL | [colref-] IS NOT NULL | [expression-] LIKE [pattern-] | [expression-] NOT LIKE [pattern-] | [expression-] IN {[valuelist-]} | [expression-] NOT IN {[valuelist-]} | [expression-] [op-] [expression-] |
| create | 0 [UNIQUE] INDEX [indexname-] ON [tablename-] ([indexcols-]) |
| createcol | [columnname-] [datatype-] ([integer-]) [coldesc-] | [columnname-] [datatype-] ([integer-], [integer-]) [coldesc-] |
| createcols | [createcol-] |
| cursorname | [identifier-] |
| datatype | VARCHAR | LONG VARCHAR | DECIMAL | NUMERIC | SMALLINT | INTEGER | REAL | FLOAT | DOUBLE PRECISION | BIT | TINYINT | SHORT | DATE | LOGICAL | MEMO | BYTE | CURRENCY | DATETIME | LONG VARBINARY | ZONED |
| date | a date in ODBC escape clause format (for example, {d'1996-04-04'} or --(*vendor(Microsoft), product(ODBC)d'1996-04-04'*)-- |
| delete | FROM [tablename-] [where-] |
| drop | INDEX [indexname-] |
| expression | [expression-] - [times-] | [times-] |
| forupdate | FOR UPDATE | FOR UPDATE OF [columnlist-] |
| grant | [privilege-] ON [tablename-] TO [usergroups-] |
| groupby | GROUP BY [groupbyterms-] |
| groupbyterms | [colref-], [groupbyterms-] |
| groups | [integer-] | [integer-] – [integer-], [groups-] | [integer-]– [integer-] | * |
| having | HAVING [boolean-] |
| identifier | an identifier (identifiers containing spaces must be enclosed in double quotes) |
| indexcols | DESC] | [indexcols-], [indexcols-] |
| indexname | [identifier-] |
| insert | INTO [tablename-] [insertvals-] |
| insertvals | VALUES ([valuelist-]) |
| integer | a non-negative integer |
| join | OUTER JOIN | LEFT [OUTER] JOIN | RIGHT [OUTER] JOIN | CROSS JOIN [tableref-] ON [table-].[column-] = [table-].[column-] |
| neg | + [term-] | - [term-] |
| not | NOT [comparison-] |
| op | >= | < | <= | = | <> |
| orderby | ORDER BY [orderbyterms-] |
| orderbyterm | [integer-] [asc-] |
| orderbyterms | [orderbyterm-], [orderbyterms-] |
| pattern | ? | USER |
| privilege | ALTER | DELETE | INSERT | READ ONLY [columnlist-] | SELECT [columnlist-] | UPDATE [columnlist-] |
| realnumber | a non-negative real number |
| recital | any recital command excluding user interface commands |
| revoke | [privilege-] ON [tablename-] FROM [usergroups-] |
| select | [selectcols-] FROM [tablelist-] [where-] [groupby-] [having-] [orderby-] [forupdate-] |
| selectallcols | ALL | DISTINCT |
| selectcols | [selectallcols-] [selectlist-] |
| selectlist | [expression-] |
| set | [column-] = [simpleterm-] |
| setlist | [setlist-], [set-] |
| simpleterm | [realnumber-] | ? | USER | [date-] | [time-] | [timestamp-] |
| string | a string (enclosed in single quotes) |
| table | [aliasname-] |
| tablelist | [tableref-] | [tableref-] [join-] | [viewname-] |
| tablename | [identifier-] |
| tableref | [tablename-] [alias-] |
| term | [colref-] | [simpleterm-] | [aggterm-] |
| time | a time in ODBC escape clause format (for example,{t'10:19:48'} or --(*vendor(Microsoft), product(ODBC)t'10:19:48'*)-- |
| times | [times-] / [neg-] | [neg-] |
| timestamp | a timestamp in ODBC escape clause format (for example, {ts'1996-04-04 10:19:48.529'} or --(*vendor(Microsoft), product(ODBC)ts'1996-04-04 10:19:54.529'*) |
| update | [tablename-] SET [setlist-] [where-] |
| usergroup | user and group access control string in the format '[users,groups]' |
| usergroups | PUBLIC |
| users | [integer-] | [integer-] – [integer-] , [users-] | [integer-] – [integer-] | * |
| valuelist | [expression-], [valuelist-] | [expression-] | NULL |
| viewname | [identifier-] |
| where | WHERE [boolean-] | WHERE CURRENT OF [cursorname-] |
